Rigveda 1.191

HYMN CXCI. WATER. GRASS. SUN. · १६ अगस्त्यो मैत्रावरुणिः। (विषघ्नोपनिषद्)। अनुष्टुप्, १०-१२ महापंक्तिः, १३ महबृहती।

1.191.1

कङ्क॑तो॒ न कङ्क॒तो ऽथो॑ सती॒नक॑ङ्कतः | द्वाविति॒ प्लुषी॒ इति॒ न्य१दृष्टा॑ अलिप्सत ||

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Source text

Complete verse transcript

Source: DharmicData Sanskrit; Griffith English via rigveda-online (public domain)

This reader preserves the available Sanskrit and attributed translation. A modern interpretation is shown only when reviewed text exists in the source record.

1.191.1

कङ्क॑तो॒ न कङ्क॒तो ऽथो॑ सती॒नक॑ङ्कतः | द्वाविति॒ प्लुषी॒ इति॒ न्य१दृष्टा॑ अलिप्सत ||

VENOMOUS, slightly venomous, or venomous aquatic worm,— Both creatures, stinging, unobserved, with poison have infected me.

Venomous, slightly venomous, or aquatic worm—both stinging creatures, unseen, have infected me with poison.

Viṣa taxonomy (kaṅkata etc.) opens Atharvanic-style ṛg healing within Mandala 1's close. Adṛṣṭa infection: acknowledgment of subtle harm before mantra-chikitsā.

Name harms precisely, including subtle or 'mild' toxins—awareness is the first detox step.

1.191.2

अ॒दृष्टा॑न् हन्त्याय॒त्यथो॑ हन्ति पराय॒ती | अथो॑ अवघ्न॒ती ह॒न्त्यथो॑ पिनष्टि पिंष॒ती ||

Coming, it kills the unobserved; it kills them as it goes away, It kills them as it drives them off, and bruising bruises them to death.

Coming it kills the unseen; going it kills; driving off it kills; bruising, it crushes them to death.

Dynamic verb-chain of viṣaghna action—āyatī/parāyatī/avaghnatī/pinaṣṭi. Mantra enacts kinetic eradication of adṛṣṭa threats.

Effective cleanup is multi-phase: detect, remove, displace, and thoroughly neutralize residual harm.

1.191.3

श॒रास॒: कुश॑रासो द॒र्भास॑: सै॒र्या उ॒त | मौ॒ञ्जा अ॒दृष्टा॑ वैरि॒णाः सर्वे॑ सा॒कं न्य॑लिप्सत ||

Sara grass, Darbha, Kuśara, and Sairya, Muñja, Vīraṇa, Where all these creatures dwell unseen, with poison have infected me.

Śara, Darbha, Kuśara, Sairya, Muñja, Vīraṇa—where these creatures dwell unseen, they have poisoned me.

Named grasses (oṣadhi/tṛṇa ecology): sacred and wild plants as habitats of unseen biters. Hindu healing knows plant-worlds hold both amṛta and viṣa.

Map environments where hidden risks nest—even valued natural spaces need mindful hazard awareness.

1.191.4

नि गावो॑ गो॒ष्ठे अ॑सद॒न् नि मृ॒गासो॑ अविक्षत | नि के॒तवो॒ जना॑नां॒ न्य१दृष्टा॑ अलिप्सत ||

The cows had settled in their stalls, the beasts of prey had sought their lairs, Extinguished were the lights of men, when things unseen infected me.

Cows settled in stalls, beasts sought lairs, lights of men extinguished—then things unseen infected me.

Night-settling tableau: goṣṭha, mṛga, ketu of janāḥ out—vulnerability at sleep-threshold. Classic timing of adṛṣṭa attack in mantra lore.

Watch transition times—end of day, shutdown, fatigue—when defenses drop and subtle harms enter.

1.191.5

ए॒त उ॒ त्ये प्रत्य॑दृश्रन् प्रदो॒षं तस्क॑रा इव | अदृ॑ष्टा॒ विश्व॑दृष्टा॒: प्रति॑बुद्धा अभूतन ||

Or these, these reptiles, are observed, like lurking thieves at evening time. Seers of all, themselves unseen: be therefore very vigilant.

Or these reptiles are observed like thieves at evening—seers of all, themselves unseen: therefore be very vigilant.

Pratyadṛśran like taskara at pradoṣa; viśvadṛṣṭa yet adṛṣṭa—paradox demanding jāgaraṇa. Viveka as vigilance.

Cultivate situational awareness toward threats that watch you while staying camouflaged.

1.191.6

द्यौर्व॑: पि॒ता पृ॑थि॒वी मा॒ता सोमो॒ भ्रातादि॑ति॒: स्वसा॑ | अदृ॑ष्टा॒ विश्व॑दृष्टा॒स्तिष्ठ॑ते॒लय॑ता॒ सु क॑म् ||

Heaven is your Sire, your Mother Earth, Soma your Brother, Aditi Your Sister: seeing all, unseen, keep still and dwell ye happily.

Heaven is your father, Earth your mother, Soma brother, Aditi sister—seeing all, unseen, keep still and dwell happily.

Familial cosmology pacifies viṣa-beings: Dyaus-pitā, Pṛthivī-mātā, Soma-bhrātā, Aditi-svasā. Relationship over annihilation alone—śānti through kinship in ṛta.

Reframe adversaries within a larger kinship of existence when possible—peace through recognized relation, not only force.

1.191.7

ये अंस्या॒ ये अङ्ग्या॑: सू॒चीका॒ ये प्र॑कङ्क॒ताः | अदृ॑ष्टा॒: किं च॒नेह व॒: सर्वे॑ सा॒कं नि ज॑स्यत ||

Biters of shoulder or of limb, with needle-stings, most venomous, Unseen, whatever ye may be, vanish together and be gone.

Shoulder-biters, limb-biters, needle-stings most venomous—unseen, whatever you are, vanish together and be gone.

Aṅga/aṃsa/sūcīka typology; collective nyayasya—group expulsion mantra. Comprehensive coverage of bite-modes.

Address problem-variants comprehensively and require them to leave as a class, not one symptom at a time.

1.191.8

उत् पु॒रस्ता॒त् सूर्य॑ एति वि॒श्वदृ॑ष्टो अदृष्ट॒हा | अ॒दृष्टा॒न् त्सर्वा॑ञ्ज॒म्भय॒न् त्सर्वा॑श्च यातुधा॒न्य॑: ||

Slayer of things unseen, the Sun, beheld of all, mounts, eastward, up, Consuming all that are not seen, and evil spirits of the night.

The Sun, slayer of things unseen, all-beheld, mounts east—consuming all unseen and night's evil spirits.

Sūrya as adṛṣṭahan, viśvadṛṣṭa, prācī rising—consuming yātudhānīs. Solar therapy as Vedic viṣaharaṇa cornerstone.

Bring problems into light. Transparency and circadian daylight remain foundational detox for hidden harms.

1.191.9

उद॑पप्तद॒सौ सूर्य॑: पु॒रु विश्वा॑नि॒ जूर्व॑न् | आ॒दि॒त्यः पर्व॑तेभ्यो वि॒श्वदृ॑ष्टो अदृष्ट॒हा ||

There hath the Sun-God mounted up, who scorches much and everything. Even the Āditya from the hills, all-seen, destroying things unseen.

There the Sun has mounted who scorches everything—Āditya from the hills, all-seen, destroying things unseen.

Āditya from parvata; viśva-jurvān. Mountain-sun intensifies the anti-venom luminosity—height plus heat.

Elevate perspective and apply sustained clarifying heat until hidden toxins cannot persist.

1.191.10

सूर्ये॑ वि॒षमा स॑जामि॒ दृतिं॒ सुरा॑वतो गृ॒हे | सो चि॒न्नु न म॑राति॒ नो व॒यं म॑रामा॒ऽऽरे अ॑स्य॒ योज॑नं हरि॒ष्ठा मधु॑ त्वा मधु॒ला च॑कार ||

I hang the poison in the Sun, a wine-skin in a vintner's house, He will not die, nor shall we die: his path is far: he whom Bay Horses bear hath turned thee to sweet meath.

I hang the poison in the Sun like a wine-skin in a vintner's house; he will not die nor we—far is his path; the Bay-borne has turned you to sweet meath.

Viṣa hung in Sūrya; madhu-transformation refrain begins. Hariṣṭhā (Sun) converts poison to madhu—alchemical grace. Immortality formula of the charm.

Expose toxins to a larger transforming process; trust conversion of harm into usable sweetness when held in a greater light.

1.191.11

इ॒य॒त्ति॒का श॑कुन्ति॒का स॒का ज॑घास ते वि॒षम् | सो चि॒न्नु न म॑राति॒ नो व॒यं म॑रामा॒ऽऽरे अ॑स्य॒ योज॑नं हरि॒ष्ठा मधु॑ त्वा मधु॒ला च॑कार ||

This little bird, so very small, hath swallowed all thy poison up. She will not die, nor shall we die: his path is far: he whom Bay Horses bear hath turned thee to sweet meath.

This tiny bird has swallowed all your poison; she will not die nor we—far is his path; the Bay-borne has turned you to sweet meath.

Śakuntikā swallowing viṣa: nature's small allies in detox. Same madhu-refrain—multiple agents, one transformation.

Small helpers can metabolize outsized harms. Empower modest agents within a larger transformative frame.

1.191.12

त्रिः स॒प्त वि॑ष्पुलिङ्ग॒का वि॒षस्य॒ पुष्य॑मक्षन् | ताश्चि॒न्नु न म॑रन्ति॒ नो व॒यं म॑रामा॒ऽऽरे अ॑स्य॒ योज॑नं हरि॒ष्ठा मधु॑ त्वा मधु॒ला च॑कार ||

The three-times-seven bright sparks of fire have swallowed up the poison's strength. They will not die, nor shall we die: his path is far: he whom Bay Horses bear hath turned thee to sweet meath.

Thrice-seven bright fire-sparks have swallowed the poison's strength; they die not nor we—far is his path; the Bay-borne has turned you to sweet meath.

Triḥ sapta viṣpulīngakā—Agni-sparks as viṣa-eaters. Fire-points cooperate with Sun-bird sequence in viṣaghna chain.

Distributed micro-actions (many sparks) can consume toxic strength when aligned to one healing purpose.

1.191.13

न॒वा॒नां न॑वती॒नां वि॒षस्य॒ रोपु॑षीणाम् | सर्वा॑सामग्रभं॒ नामा॒ऽऽरे अ॑स्य॒ योज॑नं हरि॒ष्ठा मधु॑ त्वा मधु॒ला च॑कार ||

Of ninety rivers and of nine with power to stay the venom's course,— The names of all I have secured: his path is far: he whom Bay Horses bear hath turned thee to sweet meath.

Of ninety-nine venom-staying rivers I have secured all names—far is his path; the Bay-borne has turned you to sweet meath.

Nava navatīnām nāma-grahaṇa: naming waters that stop viṣa-ropuṣī. Nāma-śakti and āpaḥ as antidote archive.

Catalog and invoke known remedies by name—systematic knowledge of what stops harm is itself protective power.

1.191.14

त्रिः स॒प्त म॑यू॒र्य॑: स॒प्त स्वसा॑रो अ॒ग्रुव॑: | तास्ते॑ वि॒षं वि ज॑भ्रिर उद॒कं कु॒म्भिनी॑रिव ||

So have the peahens three-times-seven, so have the maiden Sisters Seven Carried thy venom far away, as girls bear water in their jars.

Thrice-seven peahens and seven maiden sisters have carried your venom far away as girls bear water in jars.

Mayūrī and sapta svasāraḥ removing viṣa like kumbhinī water-carriers—feminine and bird allies in detox logistics.

Organize many willing carriers to remove toxicity from the center—logistics of care matter as much as the antidote.

1.191.15

इ॒य॒त्त॒कः कु॑षुम्भ॒कस्त॒कं भि॑न॒द्म्यश्म॑ना | ततो॑ वि॒षं प्र वा॑वृते॒ परा॑ची॒रनु॑ सं॒वत॑: ||

The poison-insect is so small; I crush the creature with a stone. I turn the poison hence away, departed unto distant lands.

The poison-insect is so small—I crush it with a stone; I turn the poison away toward distant tracks.

Kuṣumbhaka crushed with aśman; viṣa turned parācīḥ. Concrete final physical act after cosmic charm—mantra plus kriyā.

After systemic healing, take the small decisive action that finishes the local source and redirects residue away.

1.191.16

कु॒षु॒म्भ॒कस्तद॑ब्रवीद् गि॒रेः प्र॑वर्तमान॒कः | वृश्चि॑कस्यार॒सं वि॒षम॑र॒सं वृ॑श्चिक ते वि॒षम् ||

Forth issuing from the mountain's side the poison-insect spake and said: Scorpion, they venom is but weak.

Coming down from the mountain the poison-insect said: Scorpion, your venom is but weak—tasteless is your poison.

Climax: even the mountain kuṣumbhaka declares vṛścika-viṣa arasam. Fear dissolved; poison rhetorically nullified. Mandala 1 closes on healing confidence.

End by withdrawing fear's fuel. Proclaim that the threat's power is exhausted—confidence completes detox.